Like a simmering volcano, Spain’s protests against overtourism are starting to display some worrying signs.
The “tourists go home” message is by no means a new slogan, and its hostile wording has almost become normalised in recent months given how many places have held demos: Granada, the Canary Islands, the Balearic Islands, Madrid, Seville, Girona, Málaga, Cantabria.
And of course, there’s the jewel in the tourism crown, Barcelona. The “tourists go home” mantra is perhaps a decade old in the Catalan capital, Spain’s most visited city, sprayed countless times on walls or emblazoned on stickers.
Barceloneses were protesting against “drunk tourism” and the abundance of cruise ships docking in the city back in 2014, and such problems have only multiplied and ballooned ever since.
So perhaps it’s no surprise that Barcelona is where this nationwide wave of protests in 2024 really reached its tipping point and turned nasty.
On Saturday July 6th, some of the protesters taking part in an anti-mass tourism demo came prepared with water pistols and when they saw tourists eating and drinking at restaurants on La Rambla, they sprayed them with water. Some, quite logically, got up and left.
Totally deranged behaviour.
— Brendan Boyle (@BrendyBoyle) July 8, 2024
If the shoe was on the other foot, would these tourist harassers appreciate the same treatment in Paris or Venice?pic.twitter.com/y2NSYPgPqE
Dozens surrounded the bemused holidaymakers as they cordoned off their restaurants with crime scene tape, and this time some of the messages on banners were of particularly poor taste, including “Dear tourist, balconing is fun”, in reference to the name given in Spain to when drunk tourists fall off balconies.
READ MORE: Balconing - Why do young Brits jump off balconies in Spain?
In reality, locals who choose to direct their ire solely at foreign visitors are in the minority.
Two interesting pieces of news from #Barcelona this weekend - 3,000 people took to the streets to protest against tourism and squirt them with water, but also Catalonia collected over €100m from tourist tax last summer. There has to be some way to strike a balance. #overtourism
— Esme Fox (@EsmeFox) July 8, 2024
When I attended the anti-mass tourism protest in Tenerife last April in which some 40,000 people took part in the capital Santa Cruz, the “tourists go home” rhetoric was in the minority.
“It’s not the guiris’ fault, it’s the politicians’,” one banner read, “it’s not tourismphobia, politicians and hoteliers lie and use that argument because they don’t want to change the tourism model”, claimed another.
However, it’s “tourists go home”, bold and simple, written in English for the world to understand, that lives on in the memory. Just as “Take back control, “Get Brexit done” and “Make America great again” have.
Unfortunately, those three words oversimplify a multifaceted problem that includes a severe lack of social housing and rental properties in Spain, global inflation, rising rent and property prices, stagnant wages and dwindling purchasing power, the spike in short-term holiday lets and a lack of legislation controlling them, the advent of high-earning foreign digital nomads and, of course, an outdated tourism model based on quantity over quality.
READ ALSO: Why Spain is a cheap mass tourism destination
If the crux of Spain’s ‘crisis’ had to be summarised further still, it would possibly be housing and tourism.
And nothing illustrates that better than Airbnb-style holiday lets in residential buildings.
Now more than ever, an increasing number of Spaniards feel like they’re second-class citizens in their own country, unable to find an affordable home while tourists occupy for a few days the flats locals wish were theirs.
As it’s human nature to want to find a culprit, the foreign sandals-and-socks wearing tourist is the obvious target, practically asking to be sprayed down with a water pistol.
Meanwhile, the anonymous private multi-property owners or the faceless vulture funds that operate in Spain rarely get a mention during the protests.
Caixabank, Blackstone, Blackrock all own thousands upon thousands of rental properties in Spain which they bought on the cheap and are now capitalising on.
READ MORE: Blackrock and Blackstone - The 'unknown' multinationals controlling Spain
But there’s one other figure that is completely ignored by the disgruntled masses: the average Spanish landlord, their very own countrymen.
In 2021, the Spanish government categorised property owners into pequeño propietario (owner of less than ten properties) and gran tenedor (owner of more than property).
The classifications are arguably far too broad, as anyone who is renting out five properties in Spain for example is likely to have considerably high earnings already.
In fact, data from 2023 points to the fact that on average landlords have double the monthly earnings of renters in Spain.
There are three million Spaniards who make money from renting their properties in the country. Just under one million middle-class families in Spain with yearly earnings between €30,000 and €60,000 make on average an extra €800 a month from these rents.
In general, the higher the earnings bracket of Spanish property owners, the more likely they are to be making more money from renting out.
READ ALSO: Who really owns all the Airbnb-style lets in Spain?
And whether they have 2 or 20 homes, practically all have put up the rent a lot in recent years.
Have variable mortgage rates really forced caseros (landlords) to increase rents by €500? If Spaniards really care so much about their people, why are some choosing the higher remuneration of Airbnb over long-term rentals for locals? And what’s the reasoning behind charging broke Spanish students €600 to rent a room?
READ ALSO:
- Can Barcelona really ban all Airbnbs?
- REVEALED: Spain's plan to also clamp down on monthly accommodation
Regardless of whether the landlord is an investment fund, a wealthy foreigner or an average Spaniard with several properties, everyone appears to want to milk the property cow as much as possible before Spanish authorities step in. Such capitalisation is not singular to Spain, but in the country of la picaresca (guile), it is certainly widespread.
What does seem clear is that regardless of the uncivil and drunken behaviour of a reduced number of holidaymakers, some Spaniards should look in their own backyard before blaming tourists who just want to enjoy their time in Spain.
Spain has a service-based economy in which tourism plays a pivotal role, accounting for 11.6 percent of the country's GDP, providing 2.7 million jobs and being the reason the Spanish economy is faring far better than those of most European countries at present.
READ ALSO: Tourism boosts Spain and other 'Club Med' economies
A change of tourism model and greater control over Spain's property market are both essential to avoid further animosity, but giving tourists the impression that they are no longer welcome in Spain is both short-sighted and self-harming.
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